If Derek Bok were a labor economist, how would he justify the following passage?  Context: Bok is criticizing accountability standards for higher education.

[T]he measures used are generally too crude to be helpful.  Some of them track outcomes that are largely beyond the college’s control, such as how many graduates remain in the state or how many are employed (and at what average salary) a year after graduation. [emphasis mine]

Inquiring minds want to know.